全文小结：
固定型思维和成长型思维
这篇文章是关于心智的，是费圆亩曼学习公式那篇文章文末提到的 成长型思维和固定型人格的思维 ，文章来源于Farnam Street.
目录：
Carol Dweck: A Summary of The two mindsets And The Power of Believing That You Can Improve
两种心智的摘要，相信你可以不断成长的力量
Carol Dweck studies human motivation. She spends her days diving into why people succeed (or don’t) and what’s within our control to foster success.
Carol Dweck教授研究人类动机。她贡献了一生深入研究人们为什么成功（或为什么不成功）以及我们可仿腔尘以控制的孕育成功的因素。
As she describes it: “My work bridges developmental psychology, social psychology, and personality psychology, and examines the self-conceptions (or mindsets) people use to structure the self and guide their behavior. My research looks at the origins of these mindsets, their role in motivation and self-regulation, and their impact on achievement and interpersonal processes.”
正如她描述的：“我的工作涵盖了发展心理学、社会心理学、人格心理学，以及测试人们用来构建自我及引导行为的人格。我的研究关注于这些心智的本源，它们在备禅动机及自律方面的作用，它们在个人成就及人际关系方面的影响。“
Her inquiry into our beliefs is synthesized in Mindset: The New Psychology of Success. The book takes us on a journey into how our conscious and unconscious thoughts affect us and how something as simple as wording can have a powerful impact on our ability to improve.
她的关于我们信念的优秀都在《Mindset：The New Psychology of Success》一书里。这本书将告诉我们：我们的有意识及潜意识的想法是如何影响我们的，像言语一样简单的事情是如何对于提升我们的能力有巨大影响的。
Dweck’s work shows the power of our most basic beliefs. Whether conscious or subconscious, they strongly “affect what we want and whether we succeed in getting it.” Much of what we think we understand of our personality comes from our “mindset.” This both propels us and prevents us from fulfilling our potential.
Dweck的工作向我们展示我们最基础的信念的力量。无论是有意识的还是无意识的，他们都强烈的影响着我们的愿望以及我们是否能实现它。“大多数我们对于人格的理解来源于我们的”心智“。这两种心智都推动或阻止我们发掘我们的潜力。
In Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, Dweck writes:
在《 Mindset: The New Psychology of Success》一书里，Dweck写道：
Carol Dweck Two Mindsets
Your view of yourself can determine everything. If you believe that your qualities are unchangeable — the fixed mindset — you will want to prove yourself correct over and over rather than learning from your mistakes.
所有的事情都取决于你对自己的看法。如果你相信品质是固定的—-固定型心智—-你将会一遍又一遍的证明自己正确而不是从错误中学习。
In Mindset, Dweck writes:
These things are culturally desirable. We value intelligence, personality, and character. It’s normal to want this. But …
In Mindset, Dweck writes:
这些都是人们的愿望。我们看重智力、人格及品质。这样的行为是正常的，但是在《 Mindset》里，Dweck写道：
Changing our beliefs can have a powerful impact. The growth mindset creates a powerful passion for learning. “Why waste time proving over and over how great you are,” Dweck writes, “when you could be getting better?”
改变观念有巨大的影响。成长型心智给学习创造了无比的激情。Dweck说：“当你可以变得更好的时候，为什么要浪费时间一遍又一遍地证明你是多么伟大？”
Our ideas about risk and effort come from our mindset. Some people realize the value of challenging themselves, they want to put in the effort to learn and grow, a great example of this is The Buffett Formula. Others, however, would rather avoid the effort feeling like it doesn’t matter.
我们关于风险和努力的想法都来自于我们的心智。一些人感受到了挑战自我的价值，他们为了学习和成长，付出努力。一个伟大的例子便是巴菲特公式。而其他人，觉得不努力也没什么。
In Mindset, Dweck writes:
[…]
The mindset affects creativity too.
心智也影响创造力。
In Mindset, Dweck writes:
In fact Dweck takes this stoic approach, writing: “in the growth mindset, failure can be a painful experience. But it doesn’t define you. It’s a problem to be faced, dealt with, and learned from.”
事实上Dweck一直有这种坚韧，写到：“在成长型心智里，失败虽是痛苦的经历，但并不说明你是谁。它是我们可以解决。处理、从中学习的问题。”
We can still learn from our mistakes. The legendary basketball coach John Wooden says that you’re not a failure until you start to assign blame. That’s when you stop learning from your mistakes – you deny them.
我们可以从错误中学习。传奇篮球教练John Wooden说过，如果你开始抱怨，那你就是个失败者。那也是你停止从错误中吸取经验的时候，你逃避失败。
In this TED talk, Dweck describes “two ways to think about a problem that’s slightly too hard for you to solve.” Operating in this space — just outside of your comfort zone — is the key to improving your performance. It’s also the critical element to deliberate practice. People approach these problems with the two mindsets …. “Are you not smart enough to solve it …. or have you just not solved it yet.”
在2014年的TED演讲里，Dweck解释道：“两种方法来考虑那些对于你来说很难解决的问题.”远离你的舒适区，是提升你成绩的关键。它也是可以练习的关键。人们处理这些问题时有两种心智：“你不够聪明来解决这个问题…或者，你只是还没解决这个而已。”
Speaking to the cultural pressure to raise our kids for now instead of not yet, in the TED talk Dweck says:
谈到文化的压力，我们采用“now”思维培养孩子，而不是“not yet”思维。
The power of yet.
“还没有”的力量。
It’s easy to fall into the trap of now. Our kids become obsessed with getting A’s – they dream of the next test to prove themselves instead of dreaming big like Elon Musk. A by-product of this is that we’re making them dependent on the validation that we’re giving them — the gamification of children.
很容易就能掉到“现在”的陷阱里。我们的孩子沉迷于获得好成绩。他们渴望下次的考试证明自己，而不是像Elon Musk那样拥有宏图大志。这样做的副产品是，我们让他们依赖我们给他们的确认。孩子们游戏化了。
What can we do about this? Don’t praise intelligence or talent, praise the work ethic.
针对这个现象，我们该怎么做？不要赞扬他们的天赋或者智力，夸奖他们的努力。
How we word things affects confidence, the words ‘yet’ or ‘not yet,’ “give kids greater confidence, give them a path into the future that creates greater persistence.” We can change mindsets.
我们的说话方式影响着我们的自信，“然而”或“还没有”这样的话让孩子更加自信，让他们未来更加坚韧。我们可以改变心智。
Mindset: The New Psychology of Success is a must read for anyone looking to explore our mindset and how we can influence it to be a little better. Carol Dweck’s work is simply outstanding.
《Mindset: The New Psychology of Success》对于那些想要探索心智，以及我们如何改变它而变得更好的人，是一本必读书籍。 Carol Dweck的研究非常优秀的。
现实是，不要高估你别人心里的地位，怎么翻译英语？
现实是，不配扮芦要高估你别人培带缺坦心里的地位。
Don’t over estimate your value in others’ heart in the reality.
望采纳
想象力比知识更重要
1、“想象力比知识更重要，因为知识是有限的，而想象力概括着世界上的一切，推动着枯世清社会进步，并且是知识进化的源泉。”
2、打个比方。学习像用砖盖楼，每一块砖就像知识点。而想象力，就像让砖与砖结合的水泥。越能理解知识之间的逻辑，越能通过想象增加知识的应用。并不是说，知识没用。
3、很多新发现必须建立在现有知识基础之上。但，想象力在一定程度能打破既有思想的禁锢。
4、科学到了最后阶段，必然需要想象。再到一个民族，一个国家或一家公司，都需要。失去想象，就会失去永续发展的生机。
5、没有一没前种心理机能，能比想象更能深化我们对世界返中的认识。
past的反义词
past的反义词为： future.
短语搭配：
1、in the past.
在过坦滚去。
2、past and present.
古今；过去与现在。
3、past year.
去年；过去年度；过去这年。
4、walk past.
走过去。
5、over the past decade.
在过去的十年里。
6、past decade.
过去的十年。
7、the past.
过去；过往。
8、past it.
(人)过老而无用，(物)旧得不宜激孙使用。明信链
9、past master.
行家；能手；前会长；前主席。
10、past perfect.
过去完成时的。
双语例句：
1、In the past celebrating the Lantern Festival was a tradition for the imperial family.
过去，过元宵节是皇室的传统。
2、Past research has called these beliefs "mindsets " .
过去的研究称这些信念为“思维模式”。
3、It pushes us past our comfort zones.
它推动我们走出舒适区。
4、I used to get up at half past six,but now I am getting used to getting up at seven.
我过去六点半起床，但现在我已经习惯七点起床了。
5、The increasing awareness of mankind's past stupidity.
人们越来越多的认识到了过去的愚蠢。
有限责任公司用英语怎么说？？？？？
有限责任公司用英语说是Limited Liability Company。
Limited Liability Company
词义：名词：有限责任公司 ; 有限责任液消仔合作公司。
固定搭配：Limited Liability Company-LLC 有限责任公闹汪司企业结构。桥搏
例句：
1、Mindsets 有限责任公司帮助组织和个人发现自己的盲点。Mindsets Limited Liability Company helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots.
2、商业公司通常是发行可赎回的股票开放式投资有限责任公司。Business companies are usually incorporated with limited liability, with open-ended Limited Liability Company issuing redeemable shares.